This file was generated on 2026-07-10 by Jane Roque

A GENERAL INFORMATION

1. Title of the dataset: 3 Hourly ICON outputs from irrigation long-term simulation

2. Brief description of the research project and its aims: 
Studies on irrigation within Earth system models have demonstrated the irrigation effects on various variables. While some regional simulations in Europe have focused on short-term impacts during a single growing season, comprehensive long-term simulations across the entire continent are lacking. Our study aims to quantify the long-term impact of irrigation on surface and atmospheric variables over the EURO-CORDEX domain using convection-permitting ICON simulations that cover a period of 12 years. The irrigation parameterization is based on the CHANNEL scheme in WRF (Valmassoi et al. 2020). The daily irrigation volume matches the readily available water (RAW), which is the amount of total available water (TAW) a crop can absorb from the root zone without stress. The irrigation event starts on May 1st of each year at 5 UTC for 5 hours, with a frequency of every 12 days. The results show that the irrigation impact varies by region and year, highlighting the importance of land-atmosphere interactions in the irrigation impact. For example, the cold and wet summer of 2017 in southern Europe reduced irrigation cooling effects in the Alps, while the 2018 heat wave in Central Europe enhanced the influence of irrigation on surface variables.

The files found in the current dataset are 3 hourly outputs from the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic model (ICON) for the control and irrigation experiments. The ICON model was developed by the German Weather Service (DWD) and the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) and it is currently used operationally at DWD for weather forecasting.  

3. Author Information
	A. Investigator Contact Information
		Name: Jane Leonor Roque
		Institution: Institute of Geosciences, University of Bonn
		Address: Auf dem Hügel 20, 53121 Bonn, Germany
		Email: jroquema@uni-bonn.de

	B. Project Supervisor (Principal Investigator) Contact Information
		Name: Arianna Valmassoi
		Institution: Deutscher Wetterdienst
		Address: Frankfurter Str. 135, 63067 Offenbach am Main
		Email: Arianna.Valmassoi@dwd.de

	C. In case of questions related to this dataset, please contact:
		Name: Jane Leonor Roque
		 Institute of Geosciences, University of Bonn
		Address: Auf dem Hügel 20, 53121 Bonn, Germany
		Email: jroquema@uni-bonn.de

4. Date of data collection: 2025-11-04

5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 450058266

6. Language of the dataset: English

7. Geographic location of data collection: Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany


B DATA & FILE OVERVIEW

1. File List: 
Readme file --> Roque_long-term_irri_Readme.txt
Control run --> ctrl_2011_01.tar.bz2 in consecutive order until ctrl_2022_12.tar.bz2. Each compressed file contains data for a specific month and year on a 3 hourly basis (8 files per day).
Irrigation experiment --> fcpwp_2011_01.tar.bz2 in consecutive order until fcpwp_2022_12.tar.bz2. Each compressed file contains data for a specific month and year on a 3 hourly basis (8 files per day).

2. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No

C SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION

1. Was data derived from another source?: No

2. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC-BY 4.0

3. Links to publications that cite or use the data:
Roque, J. L. and Valmassoi, A. (2026). Multi-year convection-permitting irrigation impacts across the European continent, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3354

4. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: 

5. Links/relationships to ancillary datasets: 
- Roque, J. L.; Valmassoi, A. (2026). "Irrigation parameterization for the ICON model", https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/YIGGOC, bonndata, V1
- Roque, J. L.; Valmassoi, A. (2026). "Namelist for long-term ICON simulations with irrigation in Limited Area Mode", https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/LIOTVV, bonndata

D METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION

1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: 
We introduced an irrigation parameterization in the ICON model, specifically in the interface between the atmospheric and land compartments. Once we establish the irrigation settings, we ran a control simulation (no irrigation) and an irrigation experiment. The irrigation settings for the irrigation simulation are:
- Irrigation volume --> (Field capacity - Permanent wilting point) * depletion fraction * root depth
- Depletion fraction  --> 0.65
- Root depth  --> 810 mm
- Irrigation start date --> "-05-01T00:00:00"
- Irrigation end date --> "-08-21T00:00:00"
- Irrigation start time --> 5 UTC
- Irrigation length -- > 5 hours
- Irrigation frequency --> 12 days

To run the irrigation experiment, we initially conducted a control experiment without irrigation, spanning from January 1, 2010, at 00:00 UTC to December 31, 2022, at 21:00 UTC. Various restarts were generated from this control run at different intervals. The sensitivity irrigation experiments started from a restart of the control run on April 11, 2010, at 00:00 UTC and continued until December 31, 2022, at 21:00 UTC. To run the simulations, we used initial and boundary conditions from the new reanalysis ICON-DREAM, 13 km horizontal resolution at hourly outputs (Valmassoi et al., 2025.  doi:10.5676/dwd/icon-dream_v1). Our model settings are:
- Horizontal resolution --> 3 km
- Vertical levels --> 75
- Time step (dtime) --> 30 seconds 

Based on the above characteristics, our namelist is derived from the operational ICON-LAM configuration, which includes the following parameterizations: ecRad Radiation scheme, diagnostic PDF Cloud cover scheme, single-moment Microphysics scheme, the prognostic TKE (COSMO) Turbulent transfer scheme and TERRA LSM. Working with convection-permitting grids, we opted to turn off deep and mid-level convection and keep shallow convection parameterization active. A more detail description of the methodology is included in  Roque, J. L. and Valmassoi, A., 2026 (doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-3354). Other general settings are:
- ICON version used: icon-2.6.6-nwp3c
- Format from all data is: Gridded binary (GRIB) version 2
- Grid information: icon_grid_9999_R13B07_L.nc - ICON native grid (~3km horizontal resolution)
- Irrigation map: Digital GlobalMap of Irrigation Areas to version 5, Siebert et al. (2013).
- Data contains all the following output variables [from NAMELIST]: ml_varlist = 'asod_s','asob_s','athd_s','athu_s','t_2m','tmax_2m','tmin_2m','w_so','lhfl_s','shfl_s', 'evapt'
- Spinup: all data from 2010
- Outputs contain data from 2011-01-01 00:00:00 (#2921) to  2011-12-31 21:00:00 (#5840) and from 2012-01-01 00:00:00 to 2022-12-31 21:00:00

2. Methods for processing the data: 
From all the outputs generated in the study, we selected 11 variables: ml_varlist ='asod_s','asob_s','athd_s','athu_s','t_2m','tmax_2m','tmin_2m','w_so','lhfl_s','shfl_s', 'evapt', 'irri_s'. Only the irrigation simulation contains 'irri_s', since this is the irrigation amount output. To select the data we used the Climate Data Operators (Schulzweida, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10020800).

3. Instrument- and/or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: 
The current files are outputs from the ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic model (ICON), Version: icon-2.6.6-nwp3c. To check the data or postprocess it, one can use Climate Data Operators, Python, and others.

4. People involved in sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Jane Leonor Roque and Arianna Valmassoi

E DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: [fcpwp_2011_01.tar.bz2 to fcpwp_2022_12.tar.bz2 and ctrl_2011_01.tar.bz2 to ctrl_2022_12.tar.bz2]

1. Variable list including full names and definitions of column headings for tabular data: 
ICON outputs:
ASOD_S [asod_s] --> Downward short wave radiation flux at surface (time average) (units: W m-2)
ASOB_S [asob_s] --> Net short wave radiation flux (at the surface) (units: W m-2)
ATHD_S [athd_s] --> Downward long-wave radiation flux avg (units: W m-2)
ATHU_S [athd_s] --> Surface upward thermal radiation (units: W m-2)
T_2M [t_2m] --> 2m Temperature (units: K)
TMAX_2M [tmax_2m] --> Max 2m Temperature (units: K)
TMIN_2M [tmin_2m] --> Min 2m Temperature (units: K)
W_SO [w_so] --> Column-integrated Soil Moisture (multilayers) (units: kg m-2)
LHFL_S [lhfl_s] --> Latent Heat Net Flux - instant - at surface (units: kg m-2)
SHFL_S [shfl_s] --> Sensible Heat Net Flux - instant - at surface (units: kg m-2)
EVAPT [evapt] --> Evapotranspiration (units: kg m-2)
RSTOM  [irri_s] --> irrigated water (units: 'mm H2O)