10.60507/FK2/YIWR09Falk, ArminArminFalk0000-0002-7284-3002University of BonnBoneva, TeodoraTeodoraBoneva0000-0002-4227-3686University of BonnAndre, PeterPeterAndre0000-0002-8213-527XGoethe University FrankfurtChopra, FelixFelixChopra0000-0002-7621-1045Frankfurt School of Finance & Managementbonndata2026Social SciencesFalk, ArminArminFalkUniversity of BonnFalk, ArminArminFalk2026-05-152026-06-0110.1126/science.aec948324951815963662application/pdfapplication/zip1.0CC BY 4.0This dataset contains the data and replication code for the paper "Homo cooperans: Understanding the nature of human cooperation", published in Science. Summary: Using globally representative data from an incentivized two-player cooperation experiment conducted in 125 countries (N = 101,123), we assess the extent of human cooperation and study its individual determinants. Across the globe, about two-thirds of people choose to cooperate. The decision to cooperate is significantly shaped by cooperation beliefs, injunctive norms, and preferences. Effect sizes of these determinants vary across countries, a variation that is systematically associated with historical and cultural markers. Globally, people underestimate others’ willingness to cooperate — humans are more cooperative than they believe. A simple information treatment reduces misperceptions and causally increases cooperation.Stata, Stata 19.5R, R 4.5.2 and RStudio 2025.09.2Python, Python 3.13.11