Winter wheat simulation outputs across Europe (1991–2020)https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/QCZ9KABehrend, DominikNguyen, Thuy HuuBaca Cabrera, Juan C.Baumert, JosefGonçalves Bazzo, Clara OlivaJones, DylanLobet, GuillaumeSeidel, Sabine J.Srivastava, Amit KumarStorm, HugoVanderborght, JanEwert, FrankGaiser, Thomasbonndata2026-01-202026-01-20T15:26:29ZThis dataset contains spatially explicit, process-based simulation outputs of winter wheat growth and water use across Europe. Simulations were conducted over a 30-year historical climate period and aggregated to seasonal values from sowing to harvest. The dataset includes simulations for 2 winter wheat cultivars (Tommi and S. Dickkopf). As defined in the associated manuscript, Tommi represents a modern cultivar (released 2002), S. Dickkopf represents a historic cultivar (released 1895). The dataset was generated to support analyses of cultivar-specific differences in transpiration and related variables under contrasting climatic conditions.Agricultural SciencesEarth and Environmental SciencesEnglishBehrend, Dominik, Thuy Huu Nguyen, Hubert Hüging, et al. 2025. ‘Biomass Partitioning and Canopy Architecture of Six German Winter Wheat Cultivars Released between 1895 and 2002’. Preprint, September 18. ESS Open Archive., https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.175822260.03180911/v1Lan, X., P. Tans, and K.W. Thoning. 2025. ‘Trends in Globally-Averaged CO2 Determined from NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Measurements’. January., https://doi.org/10.15138/9N0H-ZH07Baumert, J., Heckelei, T., & Storm, H. (2025). A dataset of yearly probabilistic crop type maps for the EU from 1990 to 2018. Data in Brief, 60, 111472, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111472Beck, Hylke E., Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Tim R. McVicar, Noemi Vergopolan, Alexis Berg, and Eric F. Wood. 2018. ‘Present and Future Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification Maps at 1-Km Resolution’. Scientific Data 5 (1): 180214, https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.214Poggio, Laura, Luis M. de Sousa, Niels H. Batjes, et al. 2021. ‘SoilGrids 2.0: Producing Soil Information for the Globe with Quantified Spatial Uncertainty’. SOIL 7 (1): 217–40., https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-217-2021Hersbach, H., B. Bell, P. Berrisford, et al. 2023. ‘ERA5 Hourly Data on Single Levels from 1940 to Present.’ Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS)., https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d472026-01-09Behrend, Dominik2026-01-151991-01-012020-12-31Model Simulation outputs and inputsModel input weather data was derived from the Era5 reanalysis dataset: https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.adbb2d47 Data can be downloaded here: https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/datasets/reanalysis-era5-single-levels?tab=download This includes the following files of the dataset: /data/winter_wheat_simulation_inputs_europe_seasonal_weather_1990-2020_v1.0.csv /data/winter_wheat_simulation_inputs_europe_yearly_weather_1990-2020_v1.0.csvSoil Input data was derived from the SoilGrids2.0 1000 m dataset: https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-217-2021 Data can be downloaded here: https://files.isric.org/soilgrids/latest/data/ This includes the following files of the dataset: data/winter_wheat_simulation_inputs_europe_soilprofile_mean_1990-2020_v1.0.csv.gzThe crop map file was derived from: Baumert, J., Heckelei, T., & Storm, H. (2025). A dataset of yearly probabilistic crop type maps for the EU from 1990 to 2018. Data in Brief, 60, 111472, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111472. Data can be downloaded here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14409497 This includes the following files of the dataset: /data/wheat_cropmask_europe_v1.0.tifThe Climate classification was derived from: Beck, Hylke E., Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Tim R. McVicar, Noemi Vergopolan, Alexis Berg, and Eric F. Wood. 2018. ‘Present and Future Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification Maps at 1-Km Resolution’. Scientific Data 5 (1): 180214. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.214. Data can be downloaded here: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6396959 This includes the following files of the dataset: /data/Beck_KG_V1_present_0p0083.tifThe shape file on country level for the world was derived from: https://www.naturalearthdata.com/ Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com.CC BY 4.0