<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><codeBook xmlns="ddi:codebook:2_5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="ddi:codebook:2_5 https://ddialliance.org/Specification/DDI-Codebook/2.5/XMLSchema/codebook.xsd" version="2.5" xml:lang="en"><docDscr><citation><titlStmt><titl xml:lang="en">Factionalised Elites, Cohesion Indicator (Fragile State Index) 2018</titl><IDNo agency="DOI">doi:10.60507/FK2/9ZHZRE</IDNo></titlStmt><distStmt><distrbtr source="archive">bonndata</distrbtr><distDate>2023-09-18</distDate></distStmt><verStmt source="archive"><version date="2023-09-18" type="RELEASED">1</version></verStmt><biblCit>Amit Kumar Basukala, 2023, "Factionalised Elites, Cohesion Indicator (Fragile State Index) 2018", https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/9ZHZRE, bonndata, V1</biblCit></citation></docDscr><stdyDscr><citation><titlStmt><titl xml:lang="en">Factionalised Elites, Cohesion Indicator (Fragile State Index) 2018</titl><IDNo agency="DOI">doi:10.60507/FK2/9ZHZRE</IDNo><IDNo agency="ZEF Data Portal">b45e512f-54c9-437d-9318-4544531b6ba1</IDNo></titlStmt><rspStmt><AuthEnty affiliation="Center for Development Research, Department Economy and Technological Change (ZEF B), University of Bonn">Amit Kumar Basukala</AuthEnty></rspStmt><prodStmt/><distStmt><distrbtr source="archive">bonndata</distrbtr><contact affiliation="Center for Development Research, Department Economy and Technological Change (ZEF B), University of Bonn" email="forschungsdaten@uni-bonn.de">Amit Kumar Basukala</contact><contact affiliation="Center for Development Research, Department Economy and Technological Change (ZEF B), University of Bonn" email="jborner@uni-bonn.de">Jan Börner</contact></distStmt><holdings URI="https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/9ZHZRE"/></citation><stdyInfo><subject><keyword xml:lang="en">Other</keyword><topcClas vocab="Research Project">STRIVE</topcClas><topcClas vocab="GEMET - Concepts, version 2.4">index</topcClas></subject><abstract xml:lang="en">The Factionalized Elites indicator considers the fragmentation of state institutions along ethnic, class, clan, racial or religious lines, as well as and brinksmanship and gridlock between ruling elites. It also factors the use of nationalistic political rhetoric by ruling elites, often in terms of nationalism, xenophobia, communal irredentism (e.g., a “greater Serbia”) or of communal solidarity (e.g., “ethnic cleansing” or “defending the faith”). In extreme cases, it can be representative of the absence of legitimate leadership widely accepted as representing the entire citizenry. The Factionalized Elites indicator measures power struggles, political competition, political transitions, and where elections occur will factor in the credibility of electoral processes (or in their absence, the perceived legitimacy of the ruling class).

Quality/Lineage: The data is downloaded from the above link http://fundforpeace.org/fsi/indicators/c2/ and manipulated only table format keeping the value same for all the countries as the requirement of the Strive database. The map is created based on the values of the country using rworldmap package in R.</abstract><sumDscr><timePrd cycle="P1" event="start" date="2018-01-01">2018-01-01</timePrd><timePrd cycle="P1" event="end" date="2018-12-31">2018-12-31</timePrd><collDate cycle="P1" event="start" date="2018-12-20T04:00:00">2018-12-20T04:00:00</collDate><collDate cycle="P1" event="end" date="2018-12-20T04:00:00">2018-12-20T04:00:00</collDate><geogCover>World</geogCover><geoBndBox><westBL>-138.51561887217792</westBL><eastBL>139.2187560891668</eastBL><southBL>-56.50132027168769</southBL><northBL>74.24065136308329</northBL></geoBndBox></sumDscr><notes>This dataset was first published on the institutional Repository "Zentrum für Entwicklungsforschung: ZEF Data Portal" with ID={b45e512f-54c9-437d-9318-4544531b6ba1}.</notes></stdyInfo><method><dataColl><sources/></dataColl><anlyInfo/></method><dataAccs><setAvail/><useStmt/><notes type="DVN:TOU" level="dv">&lt;a href="http://fragilestatesindex.org/contact-us/request-to-republish-material/">Fragile States Index License (Fund for Peace)&lt;/a>&lt;br/>
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