{"dcterms:modified":"2026-09-11","dcterms:creator":"bonndata","@type":"ore:ResourceMap","schema:additionalType":"Dataverse OREMap Format v1.0.1","dvcore:generatedBy":{"@type":"schema:SoftwareApplication","schema:name":"Dataverse","schema:version":"6.7.1 build 1955-8e18f64","schema:url":"https://github.com/iqss/dataverse"},"@id":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/datasets/export?exporter=OAI_ORE&persistentId=https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG","ore:describes":{"grantNumber":{"citation:grantNumberAgency":"DFG","citation:grantNumberValue":"462853228"},"codeMeta20:softwareRequirementsItem":[{"softwareRequirements":"TIE-GCM 3.0","softwareRequirementsInfoUrl":"https://github.com/NCAR/tiegcm"},{"softwareRequirements":"PDAF 2.3","softwareRequirementsInfoUrl":"https://github.com/PDAF/PDAF"},{"softwareRequirements":"ESMF 8","softwareRequirementsInfoUrl":"https://github.com/esmf-org/esmf"}],"citation:dsDescription":{"citation:dsDescriptionValue":"Earth’s upper atmosphere is strongly affected by solar and geomagnetic activity and coupling to lower atmospheric layers, which together shape the properties of the rarefied gas encountered by satellites in low Earth orbit. Numerical upper-atmosphere models have limited predictive skill, but data assimilation can improve their simulations by combining them with satellite observations. Here we provide global simulations of the upper atmosphere for the full month of May 2024, including the extreme Gannon geomagnetic storm, as a supplement to a paper describing the TIE-GCM PDAF data assimilation software. The dataset demonstrates the software’s capabilities through a simulation without data assimilation and simulations that assimilate satellite-derived neutral mass densities from GRACE-FO 1 and Swarm-C. It includes gridded estimates of neutral mass density, neutral temperature, and electron density, along with simulated values at higher temporal resolution along the GRACE-FO 1 and Swarm-C satellite orbits and the files needed to reproduce the ensemble setup.","citation:dsDescriptionDate":"2026-07-21"},"citation:datasetContact":{"citation:datasetContactName":"Corbin, Armin","citation:datasetContactAffiliation":"University of Bonn","citation:datasetContactEmail":"corbin@uni-bonn.de"},"citation:freeKeyword":[{"citation:freeKeywordValue":"Data Assimilation"},{"citation:freeKeywordValue":"Thermosphere"},{"citation:freeKeywordValue":"Upper Atmosphere"},{"citation:freeKeywordValue":"Geomagnetic storm"},{"citation:freeKeywordValue":"Ionosphere"}],"author":[{"citation:authorName":"Corbin, Armin","citation:authorAffiliation":"University of Bonn","authorIdentifierScheme":"ORCID","authorIdentifier":{"personName":"Corbin, Armin","@id":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6256-0949","scheme":"ORCID","@type":"https://schema.org/Person"}},{"citation:authorName":"Kusche, Jürgen","citation:authorAffiliation":"University of Bonn","authorIdentifierScheme":"ORCID","authorIdentifier":{"personName":"Kusche, Jürgen","@id":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-021X","scheme":"ORCID","@type":"https://schema.org/Person"}}],"software":{"citation:softwareName":"TIE-GCM-PDAF","citation:softwareVersion":"3"},"timePeriodCovered":{"citation:timePeriodCoveredStart":"2024-05-01","citation:timePeriodCoveredEnd":"2024-06-01"},"codeRepository":"https://github.com/rainbowsend/TIE-GCM-PDAF","citation:productionPlace":"University of Bonn","softwareHelp":"https://github.com/rainbowsend/TIE-GCM-PDAF/tree/PDAF","programmingLanguage":"Fortran","subject":["Earth and Environmental Sciences","Physics"],"title":"TIE-GCM PDAF 3 Simulation of the 2024 Gannon Geomagnetic Storm Assimilating Mass Densities from the TOLEOS Project","operatingSystem":"AlmaLinux 9.6","applicationCategory":["Data Assimilation","Simulation"],"dataSources":["TOLEOS project https://thermosphere.tudelft.nl/index.html","N. Hładczuk, J. van den IJssel, T. Kodikara, K., C. Siemes, P. Visser (2023) GRACE-FO radiation pressure modelling for accurate density and crosswind retrieval. Advances in Space Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2023.12.059","C. Siemes, C. Borries, S. Bruinsma, I. Fernandez-Gomez, N. Hładczuk, J. van den IJssel, T. Kodikara, K. Vielberg, P. Visser (2023) New Thermosphere Neutral Mass Density and Crosswind Datasets from CHAMP, GRACE, and GRACE-FO. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2023014","G. March, J. van den IJssel, C. Siemes, P. Visser, E. Doornbos, M. Pilinski (2021) Gas-surface interactions modelling influence on satellite aerodynamics and thermosphere density. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 11: 54. https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2021035","P. Visser and J. van den IJssel J (2016) Orbit determination and estimation of non-gravitational accelerations for the GOCE reentry phase. Advances in Space Research 58: 1840–1853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2016.07.013","Lan, X., Tans, P. and K.W. Thoning: Trends in globally-averaged CO2 determined from NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory measurements, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15138/9N0H-ZH07","N. E. Papitashvili and J. H. King: OMNI Hourly Data Set, NASA Space Physics Data Facility, 2020. doi: 10.48322/1SHR-HT18\nhttps://doi.org/10.48322/1SHR-HT18","IGRF 14 https://github.com/IAGA-VMOD/IGRF14eval","M. E. Hagan and J. M. Forbes, “Migrating and nonmigrating diurnal tides in the middle and upper atmosphere excited by tropospheric latent heat release,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol. 107, no. D24, p. ACL 6-1-ACL 6-15, 2002, doi: 10.1029/2001JD001236."],"dateOfDeposit":"2026-07-21","citation:productionDate":"2026-06-04","citation:depositor":"Corbin, Armin","language":"English","publication":[{"publicationCitation":"Corbin, Armin and Kusche, Jürgen: TIE-GCM PDAF 3: an efficient ensemble-based data assimilation system for the TIE-GCM 3.0 (in preparation)","publicationRelationType":"IsSupplementTo"},{"publicationCitation":"A. Corbin, “Enhancing Numerical Simulation of Mass Density in Earth’s Upper Atmosphere using Data Assimilation,” Thesis, Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2025.","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.48565/bonndoc-596","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.48565/bonndoc-596","publicationRelationType":"References"},{"publicationCitation":"A. Corbin and J. Kusche, “Improving the estimation of thermospheric neutral density via two-step assimilation of in situ neutral density into a numerical model,” Earth, Planets and Space, vol. 74, no. 1, p. 183, 2022, doi: 10.1186/s40623-022-01733-z.","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.1186/s40623-022-01733-z","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-022-01733-z","publicationRelationType":"References"},{"publicationCitation":"Wu, H., Wang, W., Pham, K. H., Lin, D., Rao, N., Wiltberger, M. J., et al. (2025). The NCAR-TIEGCM Version 3.0. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 130, e2025JA034219.","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.1029/2025JA034219","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JA034219","publicationRelationType":"References"},{"publicationCitation":"Qian, L., Burns, A.G., Emery, B.A., Foster, B., Lu, G., Maute, A., Richmond, A.D., Roble, R.G., Solomon, S.C. and Wang, W. (2014). The NCAR TIE-GCM. In Modeling the Ionosphere–Thermosphere System (eds J. Huba, R. Schunk and G. Khazanov).","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.1002/9781118704417.ch7","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118704417.ch7","publicationRelationType":"References"},{"publicationCitation":"D. R. Weimer, “Improved ionospheric electrodynamic models and application to calculating Joule heating rates,” Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, vol. 110, no. A5, 2005","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.1029/2004JA010884","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JA010884","publicationRelationType":"References"},{"publicationCitation":"L. Nerger, PDAF (Parallel Data Assimilation Framework). (Sep. 19, 2024). Zenodo","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.5281/zenodo.13789628","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13789628"},{"publicationCitation":"L. Nerger and W. Hiller, “Software for ensemble-based data assimilation systems—Implementation strategies and scalability,” Computers & Geosciences, vol. 55, pp. 110–118, 2013","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.1016/j.cageo.2012.03.026","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2012.03.026"},{"publicationCitation":"L. Nerger, T. Janjić, J. Schröter, and W. Hiller, “A Unification of Ensemble Square Root Kalman Filters,” Monthly Weather Review, vol. 140, no. 7, pp. 2335–2345, 2012","publicationIDType":"doi","publicationIDNumber":"10.1175/MWR-D-11-00102.1","publicationURL":"https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-11-00102.1"}],"runtimePlatform":"GCC 11.3","storageRequirements":"1 TB","processorRequirements":"x86 and 576 physical cores","@id":"https://doi.org/10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG","@type":["ore:Aggregation","schema:Dataset"],"schema:version":"1.0","schema:name":"TIE-GCM PDAF 3 Simulation of the 2024 Gannon Geomagnetic Storm Assimilating Mass Densities from the TOLEOS Project","schema:dateModified":"Tue Sep 08 06:51:24 CEST 2026","schema:datePublished":"2026-09-08","schema:creativeWorkStatus":"RELEASED","schema:license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0","dvcore:fileTermsOfAccess":{"dvcore:fileRequestAccess":true},"schema:includedInDataCatalog":"bonndata","schema:isPartOf":{"schema:name":"bonndata","@id":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/dataverse/bonndata-root","schema:description":"<h3>bonndata is the institutional, cross-disciplinary research data repository for the publication of research data for all researchers at the University of Bonn.\n<br> bonndata is provided by the <a href=\"https://www.hrz.uni-bonn.de/de\">University IT and Data Center </a> and maintained by the <a href=\"https://www.forschungsdaten.uni-bonn.de/de\">Research Data Service Center</a>.\n<br><hr>\nReady to get started with bonndata? \n<br>\nHave a look at our <a href=\"https://confluence.team.uni-bonn.de/x/-1dqBg\">User Guide</a> to get to know the bonndata workflow, tips and tricks!\n<br><hr>\nQuestions? Need assistance? \n<br>\nGet in touch: <b> researchdata@uni-bonn.de</h3>\n<br><hr>"},"schema:inLanguage":"en","ore:aggregates":[{"schema:description":"Simulation results of the assimilation of GRACE-FO-1 neutral mass densities.","schema:name":"01a_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_GRACE-FO1.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":5,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/O1MXQP","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/O1MXQP","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":26043926689,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://19f855248fa-496a7fde6d23","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"225ed38719a027db9b09e27071f3ba64"}},{"schema:description":"This file contains along-track data that is also stored in 01a_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_GRACE-FO1.nc (Simulation results of the assimilation of GRACE-FO-1 mass densities). It is much smaller and is provided for the convenience of users who are not interested in data on the native TIE-GCM grid. ","schema:name":"01b_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_GRACE-FO1_along_track_only.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":1,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/LJVMOP","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/LJVMOP","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":78046747,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://1a0664bd554-d6f594727a9b","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"2d4e45cc3e8af0073dbc6d7329c246e2"}},{"schema:description":"Simulation results of the simultaneous assimilation of GRACE-FO-1 and Swarm-C neutral mass densities.","schema:name":"02a_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_GRACE-FO1_Swarm-C.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":5,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/TXCLBS","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/TXCLBS","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":26076871615,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://19f948379b9-4032c58620d5","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"afb64a605d2f13a0ae84013b73621e4b"}},{"schema:description":"This file contains along-track data that is also stored in 02a_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_GRACE-FO1_Swarm-C.nc (Simulation results of the simultaneous assimilation of GRACE-FO-1 and Swarm-C mass densities). It is much smaller and is provided for the convenience of users who are not interested in data on the native TIE-GCM grid. ","schema:name":"02b_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_GRACE-FO1_Swarm-C_along_track_only.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":1,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/XZXNKW","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/XZXNKW","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":78235916,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://1a0664bdaa5-6f4f867c23c1","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"a2d1bdf4219befc4e3ae8c6736336907"}},{"schema:description":"Simulation results of the open-loop simulation.","schema:name":"03a_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_OLS.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":5,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GWWEC4","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GWWEC4","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":25632848302,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://19fa374cb35-253926f9a3f0","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"3f91a2d6b3b9d72ea4a946c87ddaa86b"}},{"schema:description":"This file contains along-track data that is also stored in 03a_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_OLS.nc (Simulation results of the open-loop simulation). It is much smaller and is provided for the convenience of users who are not interested in data on the native TIE-GCM grid. ","schema:name":"03b_TIE-GCM-PDAF_2024-05_OLS_along_track_only.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":1,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GEBLHW","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GEBLHW","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":39424752,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://1a0664bde68-31ee18cc748c","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"6293413addb50be145b73344b82228ec"}},{"schema:name":"README_Corbin_TIE-GCM_PDAF_2024-05.md","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":1,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/NE9UXA","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/NE9UXA","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"text/markdown","dvcore:filesize":23702,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://1a07bf8c585-066f63ae47c0","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"d8bf810b09dc3af6ead4997789000a46"}},{"schema:name":"inital_values.tar.gz","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":1,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GJHOA1","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GJHOA1","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/gzip","dvcore:filesize":9198398085,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://19fb3727a98-cd1b5694145f","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"bb57ae17de929c1bd7aae0938e086973"}},{"schema:description":"Perturbations that were applied to all simulation runs to generate the ensemble.","schema:name":"perturbations_2026a_2024.nc","dvcore:restricted":false,"schema:version":1,"dvcore:datasetVersionId":789,"@id":"doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/Y2OGVP","schema:sameAs":"https://bonndata.uni-bonn.de/api/access/datafile/:persistentId?persistentId=doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/Y2OGVP","@type":"ore:AggregatedResource","schema:fileFormat":"application/x-netcdf","dvcore:filesize":137758918,"dvcore:storageIdentifier":"file://1a019385a9c-412de6782b6e","dvcore:rootDataFileId":-1,"dvcore:checksum":{"@type":"MD5","@value":"f00be81456b2e9d1c8804e6ffe8d53ea"}}],"schema:hasPart":["doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/O1MXQP","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/LJVMOP","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/TXCLBS","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/XZXNKW","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GWWEC4","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GEBLHW","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/NE9UXA","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/GJHOA1","doi:10.60507/FK2/QMNFKG/Y2OGVP"]},"@context":{"applicationCategory":"https://schema.org/applicationCategory","author":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator","authorIdentifier":"http://purl.org/spar/datacite/AgentIdentifier","authorIdentifierScheme":"http://purl.org/spar/datacite/AgentIdentifierScheme","citation":"https://dataverse.org/schema/citation/","codeMeta20":"https://codemeta.github.io/terms/","codeRepository":"https://schema.org/codeRepository","dataSources":"https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/#wasDerivedFrom","dateOfDeposit":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/dateSubmitted","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","dvcore":"https://dataverse.org/schema/core#","grantNumber":"https://schema.org/sponsor","language":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/language","operatingSystem":"https://schema.org/operatingSystem","ore":"http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/","personName":"https://schema.org/name","processorRequirements":"https://schema.org/processorRequirements","programmingLanguage":"https://schema.org/programmingLanguage","publication":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/isReferencedBy","publicationCitation":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/bibliographicCitation","publicationIDNumber":"http://purl.org/spar/datacite/ResourceIdentifier","publicationIDType":"http://purl.org/spar/datacite/ResourceIdentifierScheme","publicationRelationType":"http://datacite.org/schema/kernel-4/simpleTypes#relationType","publicationURL":"https://schema.org/distribution","runtimePlatform":"https://schema.org/runtimePlatform","schema":"http://schema.org/","scheme":"http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#inScheme","software":"https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/#wasGeneratedBy","softwareHelp":"https://schema.org/softwareHelp","softwareRequirements":"https://schema.org/softwareRequirements","softwareRequirementsInfoUrl":"https://dataverse.org/schema/codeMeta20/softwareRequirementsInfoUrl","storageRequirements":"https://schema.org/storageRequirements","subject":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject","timePeriodCovered":"https://schema.org/temporalCoverage","title":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/title"}}